Nuremberg: CRIMINALITY OF INDICTED GROUPS AND ORGANISATIONS (concluded).
General Staff and High Command (concluded) (Colonel Taylor):
Responsibility for crimes under Counts Three and Four of
the Indictment:
Killing of Commandos and members of Military Missions,
Enforcement of Hitler's Commando Order of 18.10.42,
Case of General Dostler,
Co-operation of German Armed Forces with S.S. and
S.D. in anti-partisan warfare on the Eastern front;
extermination of political and racial undesirables
Oral evidence of Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski, S.S.
Obergruppenfuehrer and General of Waffen S.S., on anti-Partisan warfare.
Presentation of supplementary evidence on suppression of
the Church and persecution of the clergy (Colonel
Wheeler) within Germany.
Presentation of supplementary evidence on suppression of
the Church and persecution of the clergy (Colonel
Wheeler) in Austria, Czechoslovakia, Poland;
Appraisal of Hitler's "Mein Kampf" as blueprint of Nazi
aggression (Major Elwyn Jones)
INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY OF THE DEFENDANTS
Introductory remarks Sir David Maxwell Fyfe:
Defendant Hermann Wilhelm GOERING (Mr. Albrecht):
Crimes against Peace:
Consolidation of Nazi power by terrorism:
Establishment of Gestapo and concentration camps;
Rohm purge of 30.6.34;
His Ro1e:
in preparing German economy for aggression (Four
Year Plan);
in acts of aggression from 1938 to 1941.
War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity - his complicity:
in slave labour programme;
in illegal use of prisoners of war;
in looting of art treasures;
in spoliation of Poland and Soviet territories;
In elimination of Jews from economic life and in
their physical annihilation.
Defendant Joachim von RIBBENTROP (Sir David Maxwell Fyfe):
Survey of his various offices;
His responsibility under Count Two:
for acts of aggression from 1938 to 1941
Defendant Joachim von RIBBENTROP (Sir David Maxwell Fyfe):
Survey of his various offices;
His responsibility under Count Two:
for exhorting Japan to aggression;
for planning War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity:
Fostering of Lynch law against Allied airmen;
Laying legal basis for destruction of conquered
peoples;
Persecution of Jews
Defendants Wilhelm KEITEL and Alfred JODL (Mr. Roberts):
Their responsibility as Chief of the High Command and
Chief of Operations Staff respectively for the crimes
charged against High Command and General Staff (see
above).
Defendant Keitel's further responsibility:
for "Night and Fog" decrees;
for ruthless action in the "Barbarossa" campaign;
for reprisals against relatives of Frenchmen fighting
for Russians
Defendant Alfred ROSENBERG (Mr. Brudno):
Brief history of his political career;
His participation in preparation for aggressive war:
Psychological:
as official ideologist of the Nazi Party;
promotion of basic Nazi doctrines (living space
idea, neo-paganism, Anti-Semitism, etc.).
Economic-political:
as head of A.P.A. (Foreign Affairs Bureau of the
Nazi Party): economic penetration and political
and cultural infiltration of foreign countries
(Balkans, Norway, etc.).
Organisational structure and scope of his Ministry for
the Eastern Occupied Territories and his responsibility
for its activities
Defendant Hans FRANK (Lt.-Colonel Baldwin):
His culpability as leading Nazi Jurist: implementation
of Nazi programme in the field of law and legal theory
(his principle: Right is what benefits, wrong what
harms, the German nation);
His responsibility as Governor General for application
of this principle in occupied Poland:
Annihilation of Jews;
Reduction of the Government General to a German
colony:
Draining of food resources - population left to
starvation and disease;
Resettlement of racial Germans - dispossession of
Polish peasants;
Seizure of Polish property and labour
Defendant Julius STREICHER (Lt.-Colonel Griffith-Jones):
His responsibility as "Jew Baiter Number One" for Crimes
against Humanity:
Incitement of German people to and poisoning of
German youth with violent Anti-Semitism, promoting
persecution of the Jews-first elimination and then
extermination - in his newspapers, particularly "Der
Sturmer," and in his speeches
Defendant Hjalmar SCHACHT (Lieutenant Bryson):
His activities in support of Hitler's rise to power;
His complicity in Crimes against Peace by economic
preparation for war (see Part 1):
His devices of credit expansion for financing
rearmament;
His totalitarian control over and mobilisation of
German economy:
as Minister of Economics;
as Plenipotentiary General for War Economy
His expansionist attitude and statements.
The motives behind his retirement-no repudiation of
Hitler's aggressive policy
Defendant Walter FUNK (Lieutenant Meltzer):
His contribution to Nazi seizure of power by raising
Party funds;
His responsibility:
for elimination of the Jews from cultural and
economic life;
for financing war preparations.
Oral evidence of Czechoslovak citizen Dr. Franz Blaha,
ex-inmate of Dachau concentration camp, on experiments
and extermination methods at Dachau
Defendant Karl DONITZ (Colonel Phillimore):
Appraisal of defendant Donitz as commander of the U-Boat
arm and as a fanatical Nazi.
Crimes against Peace:
His participation in planning and waging aggressive
war against Poland, Denmark and Norway .
War Crimes:
His increasingly ruthless conduct of U-boat warfare-
its 3 stages:
Sinking of merchant ships without warning and
without regard to human life;
Abstention from rescuing crews;
Deliberate extermination of survivors -
presentation of the following oral evidence:
Oral evidence of Peter Josef Heisig, Lieutenant in
the German Navy
Announcement by the Tribunal regarding indicted
Organisations
Defendant Karl DONITZ (concluded) Colonel Phillimore:
Oral evidence of Karl-Heinz Moehle, Lieutenant-
Commander in the German Navy.
War Crimes:
Presentation of documentary evidence for deliberate
extermination of survivors;
Enforcement of Hitler's Commando Order of 18.10.42
Defendant Erich RAEDER (Major Elwyn Jones):
Brief history of his naval career;
His part in the Conspiracy and in Crimes against Peace:
Secret rearmament of the Navy;
His masterly technique of deceit
in concealing the expansion of the Navy
in the "Athenia" case;
His complicity in the invasion of Denmark and Norway
and in the attempts to induce Japan to aggression.
War Crimes:
His over-all responsibility for every intensification
of sea warfare "suited to the situation";
Enforcement of Hitler's Commando Order of 18.10.42
Defendant Baldur von SCHIRACH (Captain Sprecher):
Survey of his Party and State offices;
His part in the Conspiracy as Youth Leader:
Indoctrination of German youth in Nazi ideology and
their preparation for aggressive war;
Destruction of independent youth organisations and
their incorporation into the Hitler Youth;
Hitler Youth as recruiting agency for the S.S. and as
training agency for the Armed Forces
Crimes against Humanity:
His responsibilities as Gau leader and Reich Governor
of Vienna:
for execution of slave labour programme;
for persecution of Church and Jews
Defendant Martin BORMANN (Lieutenant Lambert):
Review of his career as one of the principal architects
of the Conspiracy:
His part:
in the suppression of the Christian church and
religion;
in the persecution of the Jews, increasing in
brutality after the outbreak of war.
War Crimes-his responsibility:
for draining occupied territories of goods and
commodities;
for use of prisoners of war as forced labour and for
their inhuman treatment;
for organised lynching of Allied airmen.
Crimes against Humanity:
His complicity in the ruthless execution of the slave
labour programme
Defendant Artur SEYSS-INQUART (Lieutenant Atherton):
List of his positions.
His part in the Conspiracy and in Crimes against Peace:
Quisling role in the "Anschluss" of Austria;
Summary review of his activities:
as Deputy Governor General of occupied Poland;
as Reich Commissar of the Netherlands:
Spoliation of Dutch property;
Deportation of Dutch citizens for slave labour in
Germany;
Relentless persecution of Jewish Netherlanders and
their eventual deportation to the East for
annihilation
Defendant Wilhelm FRICK (Dr. Kempner):
His main legislative activities as a member of the
Conspiracy:
Abolition of civil liberties;
Centralisation of police;
Racial persecution.
His complicity:
as General Plenipotentiary for the Administration of
the Reich in preparing Germany for aggressive war;
as Reich Minister of the Interior in killing persons
useless to the German war machine (secret
"euthanasia" law - Hadamar case).
His responsibilities as Reich Protector of Bohemia and
Moravia
COUNTS THREE AND FOUR - WAR CRIMES AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY
Opening statement on doctrinal roots of National Socialism
and its cult of race and strength (M. F. de Menthon).
Review of international developments since Germany's
withdrawal from the Disarmament Conference.
Outlawry of war by International Law - accountability of
responsible individuals.
Totalitarian war, its methods and aims, as a manifestation
of Nazi doctrine:
Forced labour service of foreign workers and prisoners
of war for Germany's war effort-responsibility of
defendant Sauckel;
Systematic economic looting-approximate value of German
seizures.
Crimes against persons:
Execution of hostages;
Arrests and torture;
Deportation and internment in concentration camps;
Massacre of prisoners of war and members of the
Resistance.
Crimes against human status:
Germanisation: Denationalisation and Nazification
Abolition of public freedoms.
Brief history of warnings addressed to Nazi Germany
since beginning of hostilities-international definition
of War Crime.
Responsibility of the individual defendants and of the
indicted Groups and Organisations.
Introductory remarks on forced labour and economic
looting in Western Europe (M. E. Faure):
Hague Conventions relating to requisitions in kind
and of services;
Initial reassuring proclamations by German occupation
authorities to camouflage real intentions
Seizure of material and human resources without regard to legal limitations. Forced Labour (M. J. Herzog): Utilisation of foreign civilian workers and of prisoners of war for war work - Increasingly ruthless methods of "voluntary" recruitment and later of compulsory enrolment, and results achieved - Moral and material pressure - Deportation, working and living conditions of deportees - Activities of defendant Fritz SAUCKEL and his individual responsibility as General Plenipotentiary for the Employment of Labour
Economic Looting (M. C. Gerthoffer): General remarks on the measures employed by the Germans in occupied territories: Seizure of means of payment; Rigid control over industrial enterprises
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