Thirty-First Day:
Thursday, January 10th, 1946
[Page 167]
DR. MARX: Yes, Sir, I have finished what I wanted to say.
THE PRESIDENT: I would point out to you that although the
book does appear to have been written by Fritz Fink, which
is stated in the paragraph at the top, it has a preface by
Streicher, so we may presume that Streicher authorised it;
and it was published and printed by "Der Sturmer."
DR. MARX: That is correct. May I add something? I just
wanted to call the attention of the Tribunal to the fact
that it is not understandable that just that particular
sentence was not read. One could be of the opinion that this
was an original work of Streicher, in which case the
question of whether Streicher agreed with that work would
appear of minor importance.
THE PRESIDENT: But you see, Dr. Marx, counsel was reading
actually from the preface by Streicher. The last passage
that he read, or almost the last, was the preface by
Streicher. The last passage I have got marked is the passage
on Page 60, which is headed "Preface," and is signed by
Julius Streicher, which says in terms that the book was
written by School Inspector Fritz Fink.
Let us not take any further time about it.
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL GRIFFITH-JONES: I think I have reached -
THE PRESIDENT: Will you read the last words of that preface
on Page 60 there: "Those who take to heart"?
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL GRIFFITH-JONES: If your Lordship pleases,
I read towards the end of the paragraph, the first paragraph
of the preface:
"Those who take to heart all that has been written with such
feeling by Fritz Fink, who for many years has been greatly
concerned about the German people, will be grateful to the
creator of this outwardly insignificant publication." Then
it is signed by Julius Streicher, City of the Reich Party
Rallies, Nuremberg, in the year 1937.
I only omitted that last part in the interest of time.
THE PRESIDENT: Yes.
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL GRIFFITH-JONES: That book is Exhibit GB
180. I will just read the last three lines, which I was not
able to read before Dr. Marx interposed. The last three
lines of the paragraph under "Introduction":
[Page 168]
The first of them to which I would call attention was
entitled in English or the English translation is as
follows: "Do not trust the fox in the green meadow nor the
Jew on his oath." It is a picture book for children. There
are pictures, all of them offensive, depicting Jews,
pictures of which a variety of selections appear in the
Tribunal's book. And opposite each picture there is a little
story.
On Page 62 of the document book the Tribunal will see the
kind of thing which appears opposite each picture. Opposite
the picture in the Tribunal's document book appears the
following:
The second picture is a rather beastly picture of a girl
being led away by a Jew. On the next page we see the
defendant smiling benignly at a children's party, greeting
the little children. The next picture depicts copies of "Der
Sturmer" posted on a wall with children looking at them.
The next picture perhaps requires a little explanation. It
is a picture of Jewish children being taken away from an
Aryan school, led away by an unpleasant-looking father, and
all the Aryan children shouting and dancing and enjoying the
fun very much.
That book becomes Exhibit GB 181.
THE PRESIDENT: You will not be able, will you, to finish in
a short time? Perhaps we had better adjourn now.
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL GRIFFITH-JONES: I have about another 20
minutes.
THE PRESIDENT: We will adjourn now.
(A recess was taken.)
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL GRIFFITH-JONES: My Lord, I had finished
describing that one children's book. There is a similar book
called "The Poisonous Fungus," which has, in fact, been put
in evidence already as Exhibit USA 257. It is a book very
much the same in character and appearance. It was put in
evidence, but it was not read to the Tribunal, and I would
like to read one of the short stories from that book because
it shows, perhaps, more strikingly,
[Page 169]
It is a book of pictures again, with short stories, and Page
69 of the document book shows one of the pictures, a girl
sitting in a Jewish doctor's waiting-room.
My Lord, it is not a very pleasant story, but he is not a
very pleasant man, and it is only by reading these things
that it becomes possible to believe the kind of education
that the German children have been receiving during these
years, led by this man.
I quote from the story:
When Inge had entered the waiting-room, she experienced
an extraordinary incident. From the doctor's consulting
room she could hear the sound of crying. She heard the
voice of a young girl: 'Doctor, doctor, leave me alone.'
Then she heard the scornful laughing of a man. And then,
all of a sudden it became absolutely silent. Inge had
listened breathlessly.
What may be the meaning of all this? she asked herself,
and her heart was pounding. And again she thought of the
warning of her leader in the League of German Girls.
Inge had already been waiting for an hour. Again she
picks up the journals in an endeavour to read. Then the
door opens. Inge looks up. The Jew appears. She screams.
In terror she drops the paper. Horrified, she jumps up.
Her eyes stare into the face of the Jewish doctor, and
this face is the face of the devil. In the middle of
this devil's face is a huge crooked nose. Behind the
spectacles two criminal eyes. And the thick lips are
grinning, a grinning that expresses: 'Now I've got you
at last, you little German girl!'
And then the Jew approaches her. His fat fingers snatch
at her. But now Inge has composed herself. Before he can
grab hold of her, she smacks the fat face of the Jew
doctor with her hand. One jump to the door. Breathlessly
Inge runs down the stairs. Breathlessly she escapes the
Jew house."
Another picture which I have included in the book is a
picture, of course of the defendant, with his youthful
admirers standing around looking at it, and the script
opposite that picture, which appears on Page 70 of the
document book, included the words, and I quote from the last
but one paragraph, "Without a solution of the Jewish
question there will be no salvation for mankind."
The page itself contains an account of how some boys
attended one of his speeches:
[Page 170]
To conclude, I would only draw the attention of the Tribunal
again to his authority as a Gauleiter. It appears in the
Organisation Book of the N.S.D.A.P. for 1938 - which is
already in as Exhibit USA 430 - in the description of the
duties and authority of Gauleiters: The Gauleiter bears over-
all responsibility for the Fuehrer for the sector of
sovereignty entrusted to him. The rights, duties and
jurisdiction of the Gauleiter result primarily from the
mission assigned by the Fuehrer and, apart from that, from
detailed direction.
His association with the Fuehrer and with the other
defendants - or some of the other defendants-can be seen
from the newspapers. On the occasion of his 50th birthday,
Hitler paid a visit to Nuremberg to congratulate him. That
was on the 13th February, 1935. The account of that meeting
is published in the "Volkischer Beobachter" of that date,
and I quote as follows:
Just as they all of them had during the years of
oppression unshakeably believed in the victory of the
Movement, so his friend and comrade in the battle,
Streicher, had stood faithfully at his side at all
times. It had been this unshakeable belief that had
moved mountains.
For Streicher it would surely be a solemn thought, that
this 50th anniversary meant not only the half-way point
of a century, but also of a thousand years of German
history to him. He had in Streicher a companion of whom
he could say that here in Nuremberg was a man who would
never waver for a single second, and who would
unflinchingly stand behind him in every situation."
The next document is a letter from Himmler published in "Der
Sturmer" of April, 1937. That edition is already Exhibit USA
258:
Signed: For the Reichsfuehrer S.S. Himmler." [
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(Part 8 of 10)
"No one should be allowed to grow up in the midst of our
people without this knowledge of the monstrous character
and dangerousness of the Jew."
"One who has reached this stage of understanding will
inevitably remain an enemy of the Jews all his life, and
will instil this hatred into his own children."
"Der Sturmer" also published some children's books, although
I make it quite clear that I am not alleging that the
defendant himself wrote the books. But they were issued from
his publishing business, and they are, of course, on the
same lines as everything else that was published and issued
from that business.
"Jesus Christ says: 'The Jew is a murderer through and
through.' And when Christ had to die the Lord did not
know any other people who would have tortured him to
death, so he chose the Jews. That is why the Jews pride
themselves on being the chosen people."
The writing opposite the first picture, which depicts a very
unpleasant looking Jewish butcher cutting up meat, is as
follows:
"The Jewish butcher: He sells half refuse instead of
meat. A piece of meat lies on the floor, the cat claws
another. This does not worry the Jewish butcher, since
the meat increases in weight. Besides, one must not
forget, he will not have to eat it himself."
Again, in the interest of time, it is not worth quoting the
contents of that book any further. The Tribunal can see the
type of book it is, the type of teaching it was instilling
into the minds of the children. The pictures speak for
themselves.
"Inge" - that is the girl - "Inge sits in the reception
room of the Jew doctor. She has to wait a long time. She
looks through the journals which are on the table. But
she is much too nervous to read even a few sentences.
Again and again she remembers the talk with her mother.
Again and again her mind reflects on the warnings of her
leader of the League of German Girls. A German must not
consult a Jew doctor. And particularly not a German
girl. Many a girl that went to a Jew doctor to be cured,
found disease and disgrace.
Comment is almost unnecessary on a story like that, read by
children of the age of those who are going to read the books
you have seen.
"That is what he shouted to us. All of us could
understand him. And when, at the end, he shouted 'Sieg-
Heil' for the Fuehrer, we all acclaimed him with
tremendous enthusiasm. For two hours Streicher spoke on
that occasion. To us it appeared to have been but a few
minutes."
One can begin to see the effect that all this was having,
from the columns of "Der Sturmer" itself. In April, 1936,
there appears only one letter; many others appear in other
copies from children of all ages. I quote the third
"To-day we saw a play on how the devil persuades the Jew
to shoot a conscientious National Socialist. In the
course of the play the Jew did it, too. We all heard the
shot. We would have all liked to jump up and arrest the
Jew. But then the policeman came and after a short
struggle took the Jew along. You can imagine, 'Der
Sturmer,' that we heartily cheered the policeman. In the
whole play not one name was mentioned, but we all knew
that this play represented the murder by the Jew,
Frankfurter. We were very sick when we went to bed that
night. None felt like talking to the others. This play
made it clear to us how the Jew sets to work."
My Lord, that book is already in evidence, as I have stated.
It is GB 170.
"Adolf Hitler spoke to his old comrades in battle and to
his followers, in words which went straight to their
hearts. By way of introduction, he remarked that it was
a special pleasure to be present for a short while in
Nuremberg, the town of the National-Socialist community
which had been steeled in battle, at this day of honour
to Julius Streicher, and to be within the circle of the
standard bearers of the National-Socialist idea during
many years.
That is M-8 and becomes Exhibit GB 182.
"If in the future years the history of the reawakening
of the German people is written, and if already the next
generation will be unable to understand that the German
people was once friendly to the Jews, it will be stated
that Julius Streicher and his weekly paper 'Der Sturmer'
have contributed a great deal towards the enlightenment
regarding the enemy of humanity.
That is Exhibit USA 260. A number of these documents are
already in evidence in the bound volumes.