Hitler [Transcription note: Bracketed [Page] links provide access
to the individual images from which these transcriptions were
made]
From a consideration of all the evidence it would seem that Hitler's
perversion is as Geli has described it. The great danger in gratifying
it, however, is that the individual might get faeces or urine into his
mouth. It is this danger that must be guarded against.
Return to the womb.
Another possibility in infantile thinking presents itself in this
connection. When the home environment is harsh and brutal, as it was in
Hitler's case, the small child very frequently envies the position of
passivity and security the unborn child enjoys within the mother. This, in
turn, gives rise to fantasies of finding a way in to the longed for
claustrum and ousting his rival in order that he may take his place.
These fantasies are usually of very brief duration because, as the child
believes, he would have nothing to eat or drink except faeces and urine.
The thoughht of such a diet arouses feelings of disgust and consequently
he abandons his fantasies in order to avoid these unpleasant feelings. In
many psychotics, however, these fantasies continue and strive to express
themselves overtly. The outstanding bit of evidence in Hitler's case that
such fantasies were present is to be found in the Kehlstein or Eagle's Nest
which he has built for himself near Berchtesgaden. Interestingly enough,
many people have, commented that only a madman would conceive of such
a place, let alone try to build it.
From a symbolic point
[Page 188] of view one can easily imagine that this
is a materialization of a child's conception of the return to the womb.
First there is a long hard road, then a heavily guarded entrance, a trip
through a long tunnel to an extremely inaccessible place. Then one can
be alone, safe and undisturbed, and revel in the joys that Mother Nature
bestows. It is also interesting to note that very few people have ever
been invited there and many of Hitier's closest associates are either
unaware of its existence or have only seen it from a distance.
Extraordinarily enough, Francois-Poncet is one of the few people who
was ever invited to visit there. In the French Yellow Book, he gives us
an extremely vivid description of the place, a part of which may be
worthwhile quoting:
"The approach is by a winding road about nine miles long, boldly cut
out of the rock...the road comes to an end in front of a long underground
passage leading into the mountain, enclosed by a heavy double door of
bronze. At the far end of the underground passage a wide lift, panelled
with sheets of copper, awaits the visitor. Through a vertical shaft of
330 feet cut right through the rock, it rises up to the level of the
Chancellor's dwelling place. Here is reached the astonishing climax.
The visitor finds himself in a strong and massive building containing
a gallery with Roman pillars, an immense circular hall with windows
all around,... It gives the impression of being suspended in space, an
almost overhanging wall of bare rock rises up abruptly. The whole,
bathed in the twilight of the autumn evening, is grandiose, wild,
almost hallucinating. The visitor wonders whether he is awake or
dreaming." (943)
If one were asked to plan something which represented a return to
the womb, one could not possibly surpass the Kehlstein. It is also
significant that Hitler often retires to this strange place to await
instructions concerning the course he is to pursue.
Vegetarianism.
We can surmise from the psychological defenses Hitler has set up, that
there was a period during which he struggled against these tendencies.
In terms of unconscious symbolism meat is almost synonomous with faeces
and beer with urine. The fact that there is a strict taboo on both
would indicate that these desires are still present and that it is only
by refraining from everything symbolizing them that he can avoid
arousing anxieties. Rauschning reports that Hitler, following Wagner,
attributed much of the decay of cur civilization to meat eating. That the
decadence "had its origin in the abdomen -- chronic constipation,
poisoning of the juices, and the results of drinking to excess." This
assertion suggests decay (contamination, corruption, pollution, and
death) as the resultant of constipation, that is, feaces in the
gastro-intestinal tract, and if this is so, decay might be avoided
both by not eating anything resembling feaces and by taking purges or
ejecting as frequently as possible. It has been reported that Hitler
once said that he was confident that all nations would arrive at the
point where they would not feed any more on dead animals. It is
[Page 190] interesting to note that according to one
of our most reliable informants Hitler only became a real vegetarian
after the death of his niece, Geli. In clinical practice, one almost
invariably finds compulsive vegetarianism setting in after the death
of a loved object.
We may, therefore, regard Hitler's perversion as a compromise between
psychotic tendencies to eat faeces and drink urine on the one hand, and
to live a normal socially adjusted life on the other. The compromise is
not, however, satisfactory to either side of his nature and the struggle
between these two diverse tendencies continues to rage unconsciously. We
must not suppose that Hitler gratifies his strange perversion frequently.
Patients of this type rarely do and in Hitler's case it is highly
probable that he has permitted himself to go this far only with his niece,
Geli. The practice of this perversion represents the lowest depths of
degradation.
Masochistic gratifications.
In most patients suffering from this perversion the unconscious forces
only get out of control to this degree when a fairly strong love
relationship is established and sexuality makes decisive demands. In other
cases where the love component is less strong the individual contents
himself with less degrading activities. This is brought out cleariy in
the case of Rene Mueller who confided to her director, Zeissler (921),
who had asked her what was troubling her after spending an evening at
the Chancelllory, "that the evening before she
[Page 191] had been with Hitler and that she had been sure that he was going to have
intercourse with her; that they had both undressed and were apparently
getting ready for bed when Hitler fell on the floor and begged her to
kick him. She demurred but he pleaded with her and condemned himself
as unworthy, heaped all kinds of accusations on his own head and just
grovelled around in an agonizing manner. The scene became intolerable
to her and she finally acceded to his wishes and kicked him. This
excited him greatly and he begged for more and more, always saying
that it was even better than he deserved and that he was not worthy
to be in the same room with her. As she continued to kick him he became
more and more excited...." Rene Mueller committed suicide shortly after
this experience. At this place it night be well to note that Eva Braun,
his present female companion, has twice attempted suicide, Geli was
either murdered or committed suicide and Unity Mitford has attempted
suicide. Rather an unusual record for a man who has had so few affairs
with women.
Hanfstaengl, Strasser, and Rauschning, as well as several other
informants, have reported that even in company when Hitler is smitted
with a girl, he tends to grovel at her feet in a most disgusting manner.
Here, too, he insists on telling the girl that he is unworthy to kiss
her hand or to sit near her and that he hopes she will be kind to him, etc.
From all this we see the constant struggle against complete
[Page 192] degradation whenever any affectionate
components enter into the picture. It now becomes clear that the only
way in which Hitler can control these copraphagic tendencies or their
milder manifestations is to isolate himself from any intimate
relationships in which warm feelings of affection or love might assert
themselves. As soon as such feelings are aroused, he feels compelled to
degrade himself in the eyes of the loved object and eat their dirt
figuratively, if not literally. These tendencies disgust him just as
much as they disgust us, but under these circumstances they get out
of control and he despises himself and condemns himself for his weakness.
Before considering futher the effects of this struggle on his manifest
behavior, we must pause for a moment to pick up another thread.
Femininity.
We notice that in all of these activities Hitler plays the passive role.
His behavior is masochistic in the extreme inasmuch as he derives sexual
pleasure from punishment inflicted on his own body. There is every
reason to suppose that during his early years, instead of identifying
himself with his father as most boys do, he identified himself with his
mother. This was perhaps easier for him than for most boys since, as we
have seen, there is a large feminine component in his physical makeup.
His mother, too, must have been an extremely masochistic individual or
she never would have entered into this marriage nor would she have
endured the brutal treatment from her
[Page 193] husband.
An emotional identification with his mother would, therefore, carry him
in the direction of a passive, sentimental, abasive and submissive form
of adjustment. Many writers and informants have commented on his
feminine characteristics - his gait, his hands, his mannerisms and ways
of thinking. Hanfstaengl reports that when he showed Dr. Jung a
specimen of Hitler's handwriting, the latter immediately exclaimed
that it was a typically feminine hand. His choice of art as a profession
might also be interpreted as a manifestation of a basic
feminine identification.
There are definite indications of such an emotional adjustment later in
life. The outstanding of these is perhaps his behavior towards his
officers during the last war. His comrades report that during the four
years he was in service he was not only over-submissive to all his
officers but frequently volunteered to do their washing and take care
of their clothes. This would certainly indicate a strong tendency to
assume the feminine role in the presence of a masculine figure whenever
this was feasible and could be duly rationalized. His extreme
sentimentality, his emotionality, his occasional softness and his
weeping, even after he became Chancellor, may be regarded as
manifestations of a fundamental feminine pattern which undoubtedly had
its origins in his relationship to his mother. His persistent fear of
cancer, which was the illness from which his mother died, may also be
considered as an expression of his early identification with her.
[Page 194]
Although we cannot enter into a discussion concerning the frequency of
this phenomenon in Germany, it may be well to note that there is
sociological evidence which would indicate that it is probably extremely
common. If further research on the subject should corroborate this
evidence, it might prove of extreme value to our psychological warfare
program insofar as it would give us a key to the understanding of the
basic nature of the German male character, and the role that the Nazi
organization plays in their inner life.
Homosexuality.
The great difficulty is that this form of identification early in life
carries the individual in the direction of passive homosexuality. Hitler
has for years been suspected of being a homosexual, although there is
no reliable evidence that he has actually engaged in a relationship of
this kind. Rauschning reports that he has met two boys who claimed that
they were Hitler's homosexual partners, but their testimony can scarcely
be taken at its face value. More condemning would be the remarks dropped
by Foerster, the Danzig Gauleiter, in conversations with Rauschning.
Even here, however, the remarks deal only with Hitler's impotence as far
as heterosexual relations go without actually implying that he indulges
in homosexuality. It is probably true that Hitler calls Foerster "Bubi",
which is a common nickname employed by homosexuals in addressing their
partners. This alone, however, is not adequate proof that he has actually
indulged in homosexual practices with Foerster, who is known to be a
homosexual.
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Psychological Analysis & Reconstruction
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